经常听到考鸭们来问：“雅思写作好难啊，到底用什么句型能加分呢？”“我的听阅成绩明明都达到了，就因为写作拖了后腿”“到底什么样的句子才是考官喜欢的呀？”

的确，雅思写作的高分相比较其他学科来说会更有挑战性，也对同学们的逻辑思维和语言能力有着更高的要求。今天Olivia老师就来给大家聊一聊雅思写作高分论述的几个要素，希望可以帮助到正在为雅思写作挠头的你！

要素一 审题

虽然“审题”二字看似简单，但是很多语言基础较好的同学们错失高分都是因为审题不严谨。在拿到考题后，我们需要耐心细心的阅读题干中的每一个信息，了解清楚题目的真正含义。

例 我们拿下面这个题目为例：

In many countries, people are now living longer than ever before. Some people say an aging population creates problems for governments. Other people think there are benefits if society has more elderly people. To what extent do the advantages of having an ageing population outweigh the disadvantages? 

题干中存在两方立场

A方认为：aging population creates problems for governments

B方认为：there are benefits if society has more elderly people

而在审题阶段，若是忽视掉了A方观点的“for government”，很多同学们会把老龄化人口的弊端往“个人”身上去拓展，那么就会在Task Response上失分，被认定为“未能完整的对题目任务进行回应”。

要素二 主体段结构

在进行主体段写作时，很多同学会想当然的把出现在自己脑子里的论点一股脑的输出，而忽视了学术写作论证的结构。一个逻辑排列合理的主体段落应该是由三个部分组成的：

Topic Sentence + Explanation + Supporting Evidence

Topic Sentence：一个主体段的分论点，起到概括全段中心思想的作用

explanation：对分论点的详细解释

supporting evidence：支撑前面所提到的分论点

例 大家再看以下两个例子的对比：

例1:Pensions represent another significant expenditure for the government. As life expectancy increases, the government must provide pensions for a longer duration, which significantly burdens its financial resources. However, without the extra cost, the government funds can be allocated on other urgent matters, such as the construction of public infrastructure, alleviating poverty and improving education.

例2：If there is no extra cost on pensions, the government funds can be allocated on other urgent matters, but now the government must provide pensions for longer duration, so it would burden its financial resources. And this can be another significant expenditure for the government.  

例1明显有着非常清晰的逻辑推进，从“养老金会成为政府的重大开支”入手，解释道“因为如果人们活的更久，政府就需要支付更久的养老金，而这会给政府财政带来很大负担”，再通过对比论证“如果没有这笔额外开支，政府就可以用这笔资金来解决更加紧急的问题，比如基础设施的建设，解决贫困，提升教育”侧面证明这笔钱其实对政府来说很重要，突出老龄化人口给政府带来的负担。

但是例2却很难定位到分论点的位置，需要读者阅读整个段落后，才能梳理清楚到底想要表达的中心思想是什么，想比较而言，逻辑就差了很多，没有展现出清晰的逻辑推进。

要素三 充足论据

虽然很多同学能够有合理的topic sentence去回应题目任务，但是当观点被提出后，是否能够解释清晰完整才是最大的挑战。在Task Response的评分标准中，band 6和band 7的区别就在于是否能够develop your main point sufficiently。

例 举例：

Pensions represent another significant expenditure for the government. As life expectancy increases, the government must provide pensions for a longer duration, whichsignificantly burdens its financial resources. However, without the extra cost, the government funds can be allocated on other urgent matters,such as the construction of public infrastructure, alleviating poverty and improving education.

划线部分就是充分拓展后的体现，这对于同学们的词汇积累与素材积累都有一定的要求，也是为什么同学们需要好好背诵，课堂上老师提供的词伙和高频话题素材的原因！

好啦，以上就是雅思写作的高分论述的三大要素，能够给出审题精准，段落结构清晰以及论述充分的写作，想要拿到高分就轻轻松松啦！